Coke oven



(No Model.) r 3 sheets-shet-l. A. D. SHRBWSBURY.

y GOKE OVEN. l l No. 523,602. Patented'July 24, 1894,.

LD. SHRBWSBURY;

3 sheets-sheet 2.

COKE OVEN.

(No Model.)

- No. 523,602. Patented July 2 4, 1894.

(No M qdel.) 3 sheets-sheet 3.

' A. D. SHREWSBURY.

COKE OVEN.

No. 523,602. A` Patented July 24, 1894.

we cams mns co.. PuomLm-ao.. wAsmm-.Ton n c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT DICKINSON SHREWSBURY, OF CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TOTHE AMERICAN BY-PRODUCT AND COKE OVEN COM- PANY, OF SAME PLACE.`

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent N0. 523,602, dated July 24,1894.

Application led April 10, 1894. Serial No. 507,049. (No model.)

To aU whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT DIOKINSON SHREWSBURY, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing at Charleston, in the county of Kanawha andState of West Vir.- glnla, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Coke-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

The main object of my invention is to provlde for an even and uniformdistribution of the air over the surface of the coal, in a coke oven,and, at the same time to heat the air befpre introducing it to thesurface of the coa The other objects and details of construction of allthe parts are fully described hereinafter.

For carrying out the first part of my invent1on I providea second domeforming thereby an intermediate chamber, communication Wlth the ovenitself or coking chamber being .brought about by holes at certain andequal dlstances apart, and uniformly distributed in thesecond, or innerdome. This chamber is d1v1ded in such a manner as to allow the air to beadmitted, necessary for combustion, into one half of the chamber, andfrom the second half of this intermediate chamber, leads a branch pipewhich is connected with the main conduit into which the gases formedduring combustion, are drawn off by an exhauster and condensed, formingthereby the several by-products which exist in the manufacture of coke.

My invention also includes means for coollng and condensing the gases inthe conduit thereby forming the by-prod ucts.

In the drawings z-Figure l, is' a vertical sectional view of my improvedcoke oven. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 show modifications. Fig. 5, is a plan view.Fig. 6, is a view of a detail.

The oven A may be of any desired form, either round, rectangular orsquare, and has an upper or outside dome and a lower or inner dome,marked 2, forming suction chambers 3 and 3 between them.

In order to charge the oven, the opening 4 is carried down the spacegoing through the suction chamber and into the oven similarly lined withfire bricks as is the oven itself. The usual means for charging the ovenand stopping up the door may be employed.

The inner dome is perforated throughout its extent, and the holes 5 mustbe at regular distances apart, and so arranged that through 5 5 all ofthem a uniform draft can be obtained, at one and the same time. chamber,in Figs. 1, ,and 3 is`divided equally into two parts 3, 3' by a centralwall in line with the opening 4. The air is admitted in 6c one side andis thence drawn down through p the holes, as indicated by arrows, intothel combustionchamber and there mixes with the gases and is drawn offthrough holes in the other half of the domeinto the other half of thechamber 3 by an exhauster and passes out by a branch pipe 6, and thenceinto the main gas iiue 7, connectedwith the exhauster 8, from which theflue leads to a condensation plant of any desired form. The air passing7o than the inlet 9 to allow for the expansion of i gases. In thisbranch pipe or outlet 6 is placed a damper in order to regulate thedraft 8o or to shut off the draft entirely, thereby not interfering withthe exhauster that would be required for other ovens in blast at thesame time. By this arrangement the suction draft is uniform throughoutthe entire area of the coal bed, and the coal being coked gives the lgasfrom one part of the oven an equal opportunity to escape as from anyother part. This results in a uniform action throughout the oven duringthe entire process of the con- 9c version of the coal into coke, andbrings about a uniform grade of coke, in color, weight and density, andprevents the oven from becoming hotter in one part than it is inanother.

It is a well accepted fact that through the inv ability to obtainauniform heat in ovens now in use, coal is imperfectly coked and when anoven is drawn, a portion of the coke may come out black, showing a wantof regular heat throughout the oven.

or badly coked coal must be thrown on one side, and becomes so muchloss, for it can be all used only when the coking process is perfect,and the coke is drawn from the oven all This intermediate Thisblackcoke, .o0

alike. The process of coking cannot be continued beyond a certain lengthof time in order to make up for this irnperfectly coked coal, but mustbe drawn out to produce a certain grade of coke, for if thiscontinuation be allowed, that which is already coked would begin to burnaway, the carbon being consumed; hence the necessity of a uniform heatshown on the exhaust side only, and Fig. 4,

shows how it may be applied on both sides when the exhaust is .throughan undivided intermediate chamber.

In Fig. 6 a part of the exhaust pipe 7 is shown in section showing thetrap 25 and the cooling coil.

Steam pipes 10 lead to the bottom of the oven and these have nozzles forintroducing steam jets into and through the coal bed. All bituminouscoals contain more or less sulphur in the form of sulphide of iron, oriron pyrites, and this moistening of the coal by steam, eliminates morereadily the sulphur, and forming thereby sulphureted hydrogen gas, andpractically {produces a coke free of sulphur; it is not used for thepurpose of combustion. Vithin the oven at proper points I arrangeelectro positive and electro negative elements connected with suitablecircuitwires. The purpose of these elements is to secure a galvanicaction within the oven to so act on the gases that they may be purifiedin such a manner that the chemical combination, arising from thedecomposition of the various elements during the process of coking, maybe brought about more readily, and increase the amount of ammonia.

Other electro positive and electro negative elements are arranged in themain flue as at 13, near the cooling device Where all the gases passafter leaving the oven and a further extraction of the by-products takesplace, uniting in a chemical action gases that might have passed out oftheoven in a free state and so on into the main conduit.

The exhauster is indicated at 8 and the pipe 16 leading therefrom to thecondensation plant, not shown, I have provided means for cooling the gasin the main liue just before it reaches the exhauster in order tocondense the ammonia and tar contained therein. This cooling meansconsists of a coil or series of ammonia or brine pipes 17, intersectingthe main gas ue in front of the exhauster and any suitable form of trap(Fig. 6) may be used, or catch pan arranged for collecting any of the byproducts drawn from the gas.

I do not wish to limit myself to any particular c oil of pipes nor toany particular series or form of trap, the essential principle beingthat the cooling device be arranged at a point in front of theexhauster. Two sets of cooling and condensing apparatus and traps may beemployed so that one may be cleaned While the other is in operation. Forthis purpose, the conduit 7 is divided at 13 and each branch has aseparate cooling coil and separate exhauster; both branches reunite at1G to the pipe leading to the condensation plant. It will be understoodalso, that the trap is in each branch and that a suitable valve is1ocated at the junction of the branches, to admit the current to one orthe other of the branches.

By this apparatus the maximum eiiect is secured both in the productionof coke and in the recovery of the by-products for it will 'be clearthat the uniform draft secured by the arrangement of the two domes andthe suction chamber will secure an even distribution of the draft and acomplete coking operation, while the action of the electro'positive andelectro negative elements together With the cooling apparatus effectsthe complete recovery of the by-products.

I do not need to use two exhausters as by providing a suitable -valve at18 and an exhanster in the pipe, 16, the gas may be drawn through eitherbranch while the other is being cleaned.

The exhauster mentioned herein is also a draft controller as by it thedraft through the oven is made more or less.

I claim- 1. In a coke oven, an intermediate chamber inthe upper part ofsaid oven, a division therein forming two parts, an air passage from theoutside opening into one part of said chamber, an exhaust opening intothe other part of said chamber and a series of passages between saidoven and both parts of the intermediate chamber, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a coke oven, an intermediate chamber in the upper part of saidoven having com munication with the interior of said oven, through aseries of evenly distributed holes, a supplemental chamber communicatingwith the intermediate chamber, through a series of holes, an exhaustpassage communicating with the supplemental chamber, and an air supplypipe, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, with a coking oven, a main gas tlue having branchesboth connected with the exhaust, and a cooling device and a trap in eachbranch, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT DIClIINSON SIIREWSBURY.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. COOPER, MARGARET V. COOPER.

IIO

